CORRELATION BETWEEN DEMOGRAPHY AND NATIONAL SECURITY: A NIGERIA-BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVE
Keywords:
DEMOGRAPHY, NATIONAL SECURITYAbstract
The interaction between demographic attributes, socio-economic activities and the geography of a nation impacts significantly on its development and national security. Hence, they pose challenges for governance and the nation’s external image. This research, therefore, offers an overview of the linkages between demography and national security in Bangladesh and Nigeria. The study examined how both countries have used their diverse resources to enhance the safety and welfare of their populations. The study viewed national security from the concept of human security which involves job and income security, food and environmental security; security from crime and discrimination, the right to education and a decent livelihood for the majority of the population. The study acknowledges that Nigeria and Bangladesh have very large populations which could be developed into great assets if properly educated and channeled into constructive ventures, otherwise the large populations could be a recipe for disaster due to conflicts arising from poverty and other social vices. The paper also noted that due to the effects of climate change and depleting ecosystems, there is an urgent need to significantly reduce population growth in both countries to below one percent in order to enhance sustainable development. The study highlighted some challenges of demography for enhanced national security in both countries, and suggested measures to mitigate the identified challenges. The measures include good governance, human resource development and strengthening internal security agencies amongst others. It was also noted that sub-regional and regional collaboration was vital to national development and the resolution of issues such as human and drug trafficking, insurgency, refugee issues and other trans-national crimes. The study further proposed a way forward and made some recommendations for the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) and Government of Bangladesh (GoB) accordingly. On the whole, the study provided insights into the feasibility of properly channeling demographic attributes to promote national security and development in Bangladesh and Nigeria.
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