@article{Captain Muhammad Musa, (G), afwc, psc, BN_2011, place={Dhaka, Bangladesh}, title={COUNTER-PIRACY: ORCHESTRATING THE RESPONSE}, volume={10}, url={https://ndcjournal.ndc.gov.bd/ndcj/index.php/ndcj/article/view/87}, abstractNote={<p>Causes of sea piracy are very complex and often defy easy solution. One of<br>the major reasons for reemergence of piracy over the past two decades was an<br>enormous increase in both international and domestic maritime trade and large<br>number of ports. This, in turn, offered almost limitless range of tempting, highpayoff<br>targets for pirates and terrorists. In many undeveloped countries, lack<br>of adequate naval forces or coast guard and maritime surveillance capabilities<br>combined with coastal and port-side security make it much easier for various<br>criminal groups to commit piratical acts. Escalation of piracy at sea in recent<br>years has been a matter of great concern to the maritime community and has<br>prompted International Maritime Organization (IMO) to make combating it a<br>central theme of its work. The reality, of course, is that piracy is too complex<br>and has become too entrenched for any one entity to deal with it effectively. After<br>the hijacking of one of the Bangladeshi flag vessel in 2010, people of Bangladesh<br>came to know about modern day hijacking in the open sea and their activities.<br>Through a series of measures, developed and implemented with the strong and<br>much appreciated co-operation of the littoral States and the unreserved support<br>of the shipping industry, the scourge of piracy in those waters has significantly<br>reduced nowadays. The United Nations, alliances (political and defense) of<br>States, Governments acting collectively or individually, military forces, shipping<br>companies, ship operators and ships’ crews, all had a crucial part to play in order<br>to rid the world of the threat posed by sea piracy. To alleviate this unacceptable<br>situation, no effort should be spared. Shipping companies must ensure that<br>their ships rigorously apply the IMO guidance and industry-developed Best<br>Management Practices in their entirety, so that, when venturing into the seas and oceans, they comply with all the recommended measures as no ship is<br>invulnerable. Some success in thwarting pirate attacks can already be claimed<br>from the falling percentage of attacks that prove successful. Nevertheless, as the<br>statistics so bleakly indicate, piracy and armed robbery against ships remain<br>real and ever-present dangers to those who use the seas for peaceful purposes.<br>So long as pirates continue harassing shipping, hijacking ships and seafarers,<br>the maritime institutions can neither be proud of, nor content with, the results<br>achieved so far. A comprehensive approach is badly needed in to deter sea piracy<br>in the world’s ocean. The military action alone cannot resolve the problem of<br>piracy. It must be only a part of a much broad and comprehensive series of<br>actions. The main causes of piracy are predominantly political, economic, and<br>social. Hence, the long-term solution can be found only if the international<br>community and regional governments make concerted efforts to solve the root<br>causes of piracy.</p>}, number={2}, journal={NDC E-JOURNAL}, author={Captain Muhammad Musa, (G), afwc, psc, BN}, year={2011}, month={Dec.}, pages={123-138} }